{"id":57873,"date":"2021-10-06T22:40:54","date_gmt":"2021-10-06T20:40:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/topa.be\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/spc-the-sanctuary\/spc-the-choir-stalls\/"},"modified":"2021-11-07T13:12:03","modified_gmt":"2021-11-07T12:12:03","slug":"koorgestoelte","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/koorgestoelte\/","title":{"rendered":"SPK The choir stalls"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"57873\" class=\"elementor elementor-57873 elementor-39298\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d893c74 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d893c74\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7a8aa7\" data-id=\"e7a8aa7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-791dac8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"791dac8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Saint Paul\u2019s, the Antwerp Dominican church, a revelation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d213829 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d213829\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e6f376\" data-id=\"1e6f376\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3d8405 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e3d8405\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">No convent church without a choir<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60b06b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60b06b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c355a48\" data-id=\"c355a48\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f28a2f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f28a2f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">The choir stalls<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">(Jean de Jupploye?, ca. 1632-1638)<\/span><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e76977f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e76977f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The most important piece of furniture, which was daily used by the Dominicans, are the choir stalls. They provide accommodation for no less than seventy-two religious to praise God.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The \u2018<strong>choral prayer\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0takes place several times a day. For the brothers this \u2018divine office\u2019 is a time of personal devotion, whereas for the ordained fathers it is an official task, which they fulfil in the name of the entire church community. This is why it is called \u2018office\u2019 (task). The Dominicans normally pray the office four times a day: in the morning (lauds), at noon, in the evening (vespers) and at the closing of the day (compline). At the northern and southern side of the choir the stalls, which were originally positioned in a U, form impressive furniture walls protecting the monks from the cold.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-88dd585\" data-id=\"88dd585\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f61364 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f61364\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sint-Paulus.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-30123\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sint-Paulus.jpg 1021w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sint-Paulus-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sint-Paulus-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sint-Paulus-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a6ad162 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a6ad162\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8891766\" data-id=\"8891766\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72c0694 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"72c0694\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b01-Koorgestoelte-links.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"SP-Syllabus-90b01-Koorgestoelte-links\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Saint Paul&#039;s - choir stalls North\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE5MjMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC90b3BhLmJlXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC9TUC1TeWxsYWJ1cy05MGIwMS1Lb29yZ2VzdG9lbHRlLWxpbmtzLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"638\" height=\"478\" src=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b01-Koorgestoelte-links.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31923\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b01-Koorgestoelte-links.jpg 638w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b01-Koorgestoelte-links-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b01-Koorgestoelte-links-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Saint Paul's - choir stalls North<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e3032e\" data-id=\"5e3032e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56cb76a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"56cb76a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b02-Koorgestoelte-rechts.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"SP-Syllabus-90b02-Koorgestoelte-rechts\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Saint Paul&#039;s - choir stalls South\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE5MzUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC90b3BhLmJlXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC9TUC1TeWxsYWJ1cy05MGIwMi1Lb29yZ2VzdG9lbHRlLXJlY2h0cy5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"639\" height=\"478\" src=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b02-Koorgestoelte-rechts.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31935\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b02-Koorgestoelte-rechts.jpg 639w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b02-Koorgestoelte-rechts-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b02-Koorgestoelte-rechts-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Saint Paul's - choir stalls South<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3d08963 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3d08963\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-880d63b\" data-id=\"880d63b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-475c4ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"475c4ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The stalls consist of two rows of which the second is higher than the front one. The lower ones only have seats and standing room, whereas the upper row also has a tall back and carries a heavily worked out cornice. The upper row is considered to be the place of honour and is meant for the older monks; the lower one for the novices.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f303bc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f303bc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-31947 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/SP-Syllabus-90b03-Koorgestoelte-detail-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b03-Koorgestoelte-detail-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b03-Koorgestoelte-detail-200x149.jpg 200w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b03-Koorgestoelte-detail.jpg 598w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>For patrons and sculptors the commission to design 72 modest seats is an opportunity to create an immense piece of church furniture. The structural rectilinearity of the early Baroque choir stalls is kept in balance by a wealth of decorative motifs. By the many profiled elements per partition the\u00a0<strong>perspective line pattern<\/strong>\u00a0is multiplied, which renders a sublime rhythmic effect to the entire composition. The Baroque foot of the seat has the typical form of a sturdy animal\u2019s paw. In the handle of the seat often a mask has been incorporated. The armrest of the standing place shows a thicker end, below which a three dimensional angel\u2019s head has been hidden. Just as is the case with the angels in the friezes of the panelling the\u00a0<strong>hair dress<\/strong>\u00a0of the tens of angels is extremely varied. A source of inspiration for exuberant hair styling?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-696e634 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"696e634\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-31959 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/SP-Syllabus-90b04-Koorgestoelte-detail-300x140.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b04-Koorgestoelte-detail-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b04-Koorgestoelte-detail-200x93.jpg 200w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b04-Koorgestoelte-detail.jpg 748w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Even though the\u00a0<strong>pilasters<\/strong>\u00a0have identical structures, they have individual designs. This is most clear in the upward spirals and in the capitals. The vertical drive of the Baroque spiral pilasters is accentuated both by the alternating surfaces of light and shadow, and by the plants growing upwards like ivy. All this is enlivened by playing animals: birds eating berries and fruits, a wild boar and a pig keen on acorns, a monkey and a unicorn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The iconography intensified the Dominicans\u2019 praising of God. On the pillars and pilasters flanking the seats the flora joins in singing, while hosts of little angels and animals play music with for example a tambourine, a flute and a violin.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3af1d36 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3af1d36\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-94d0a29\" data-id=\"94d0a29\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64fb983 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"64fb983\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b05-Koorgestoelte-Tronie.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"SP-Syllabus-90b05-Koorgestoelte-Tronie\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE5NzEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC90b3BhLmJlXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC9TUC1TeWxsYWJ1cy05MGIwNS1Lb29yZ2VzdG9lbHRlLVRyb25pZS5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"286\" height=\"215\" src=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b05-Koorgestoelte-Tronie.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-31971\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b05-Koorgestoelte-Tronie.jpg 286w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b05-Koorgestoelte-Tronie-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 286px) 100vw, 286px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b398783\" data-id=\"b398783\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2970dcb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2970dcb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b06-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"SP-Syllabus-90b06-Koorgestoelte-Detail\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE5ODMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC90b3BhLmJlXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC9TUC1TeWxsYWJ1cy05MGIwNi1Lb29yZ2VzdG9lbHRlLURldGFpbC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"766\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b06-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31983\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b06-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg 766w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b06-Koorgestoelte-Detail-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b06-Koorgestoelte-Detail-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 766px) 100vw, 766px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f872e9b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f872e9b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-192f4a7\" data-id=\"192f4a7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fce0a4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fce0a4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b07-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"SP-Syllabus-90b07-Koorgestoelte-Detail\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE5OTUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC90b3BhLmJlXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC9TUC1TeWxsYWJ1cy05MGIwNy1Lb29yZ2VzdG9lbHRlLURldGFpbC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"586\" height=\"440\" src=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b07-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31995\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b07-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg 586w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b07-Koorgestoelte-Detail-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b07-Koorgestoelte-Detail-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 586px) 100vw, 586px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-51ba356\" data-id=\"51ba356\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28209ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"28209ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b08-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"SP-Syllabus-90b08-Koorgestoelte-Detail\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzIwMDcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC90b3BhLmJlXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC9TUC1TeWxsYWJ1cy05MGIwOC1Lb29yZ2VzdG9lbHRlLURldGFpbC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"591\" height=\"443\" src=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b08-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32007\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b08-Koorgestoelte-Detail.jpg 591w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b08-Koorgestoelte-Detail-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b08-Koorgestoelte-Detail-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f23905\" data-id=\"9f23905\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab74577 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-nav_menu\" data-id=\"ab74577\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-nav_menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"menu-beschrijving-spk-engels-container\" aria-label=\"Menu\"><ul id=\"menu-beschrijving-spk-engels\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-61132\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61132\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/\">Saint Paul\u2019s Church<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-61133\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-61133\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/\">History and description<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61134\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61134\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/inleiding\/\">Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61135\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61135\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/historische-context\/\">Historic context<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61136\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61136\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/bouwgeschiedenis\/\">The building history<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61137\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61137\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sint-dominicus\/\">Saint Dominic<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61138\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61138\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sint-paulus\/\">Saint Paul<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61139\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61139\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/toren\/\">The tower<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61140\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61140\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/architectuur\/\">The architecture<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61141\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61141\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/grondplan\/\">Floor plan and legend<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61142\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-61142\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/\">The sanctuary<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61143\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61143\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/hoofdaltaar\/\">A proper high altar<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61144\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61144\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/koorgestoelte\/\">The choir stalls<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61145\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61145\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/stoffering\/\">Decoration of the choir<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61146\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-61146\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sacramentskapel\/\">Chapel of the Holy Sacrament<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61147\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61147\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sacramentskapel\/sacramentsaltaar\/\">The Holy Sacrament altar<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61148\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sacramentskapel\/sacramentsaltaaromlijsting\/\">The Holy Sacrament altar framing<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61149\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61149\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sacramentskapel\/sacramentsdevotie\/\">The devotion to the Holy Sacrament<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61150\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61150\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sacramentskapel\/communiebanken\/\">The Communion Rails<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61151\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61151\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sacramentskapel\/heilig-kruisaltaar\/\">The altar of the Holy Cross<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61152\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-61152\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/mariakapel\/\">Our Lady\u2019s chapel<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61153\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61153\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/mariakapel\/maria-altaar\/\">Our Lady\u2019s altar<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61154\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61154\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/mariakapel\/olv-rozenkrans\/\">Our Lady of the Rosary<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61155\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61155\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/mariakapel\/mariadevotiebeeld\/\">The devotional statue of Mary<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61156\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61156\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/mariakapel\/mariadevotie\/\">Devotion to Our Lady<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61157\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-61157\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/rozenkransmysteries\/\">The mysteries of the Rosary<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61158\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61158\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/rozenkransmysteries\/blijde-mysteries\/\">The joyful mysteries<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61159\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61159\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/rozenkransmysteries\/droeve-mysteries\/\">The Sorrowfull Mysteries<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61160\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61160\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/rozenkransmysteries\/glorievolle-mysteries\/\">The Glorious Mysteries<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61161\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-61161\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/predicatie-biecht-muziek\/\">Sermon, confession, music<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61162\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61162\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/predicatie-biecht-muziek\/preekstoel\/\">The Pulpit<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61163\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61163\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/predicatie-biecht-muziek\/biechtstoelen\/\">The Confessionals<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61164\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61164\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/predicatie-biecht-muziek\/orgel\/\">The Organ<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61165\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61165\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/wandschilderijen\/\">The mural paintings<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61166\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61166\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/schatkamer\/\">The treasury<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61167\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-61167\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/calvarietuin\/\">The Calvary garden<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu\">\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61168\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61168\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/calvarietuin\/lijdensverhaal\/\">The Passion<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61169\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61169\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/calvarietuin\/profeten\/\">The prophets are speaking<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61170\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61170\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/calvarietuin\/overige-figuren\/\">Other figures<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li id=\"menu-item-61171\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61171\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/calvarietuin\/beeldhouwwerk\/\">Sculpture by sculptor<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61172\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61172\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/veemarkt\/\">Veemarkt gate<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61173\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61173\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/pastoraal\/\">Dominican pastoral activities<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61174\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61174\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/klooster\/\">Dominican convent<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61175\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61175\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/pandgang\/\">The paintings in the cloisters<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61176\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61176\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/heilig-kruiskapel\/\">Holy Cross Chapel<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61177\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61177\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/weekkapel\/\">SPK The weekly chapel<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-61178\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-61178\"><a href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/bibliografie\/\">Bibilography<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/nav>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-177b398 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"177b398\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9213c62\" data-id=\"9213c62\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a757976 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a757976\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The urge for witticism becomes clear in the many tens of\u00a0<strong>masklike decorations<\/strong>\u00a0that have been worked into partitions, handles, capitals, friezes and cartouches. There are also innumerable figurative representations. The birds like eating fruit growing on twigs and vines. Often animals quarrel among their own sort, or with snakes and monsters. When looking at the friezes you may find yourself all of a sudden face to face with strange scenes, such as an owl with four young, praying putti, a blessing Christ or God the Father in a Roman outfit, an angel playing music and accompanying two singing colleagues.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The\u00a0<strong>coats of arms<\/strong>\u00a0in the panelled backs belong to persons or authorities that paid for the cost of a seat including the Town of Antwerp and the Margrave of Antwerp.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Part of the choir stalls are a choir lectern and two precentor stalls. After the old medieval custom the Baroque\u00a0<strong>choir lectern<\/strong>\u00a0contains an eagle with a bookend on its back. Its orientation towards the sun is symbolic of pious praying man directing himself to God. This also included the Dominicans, who prayed the hours here at least thrice a day. The\u00a0<strong>precentor seats<\/strong>\u00a0were for the two precentors, to whom both choirs answered alternatingly psalm verse by psalm verse.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b68c796 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b68c796\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><figure id=\"attachment_32019\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32019\" style=\"width: 166px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32019\" src=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/SP-Syllabus-90b11-Leeuwenpoort-Noord-166x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"166\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b11-Leeuwenpoort-Noord-166x300.jpg 166w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b11-Leeuwenpoort-Noord-111x200.jpg 111w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b11-Leeuwenpoort-Noord.jpg 566w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 166px) 100vw, 166px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32019\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">St. Paul&#8217;s &#8211; Lions Gate North<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">After the choir screen had been pulled down in 1833 the two short rows of stalls, with eight seats that had been with their backs against the screen, were sold. They are now to be found in Hotel Adare Manor (Limerick, Ireland). In about 1856 the gap was filled by the so-called lion gates. In 1869 the church wardens wanted to add four extra seats at both sides in the choir stalls. Because the inferior quality of the new pilasters would not be too conspicuous, they were spread over the entire series of choir stalls.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">After the new Sint-Paulusstraat had been laid in 1855 and the new entry gate had been built in that street in 1859-1862 a new beautiful entrance in the church itself was created. In 1565 both inner gates to the choir then got too big a frame, which is typically 19<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0century. The base and the crowning of the woodcarving are by Jean-Baptiste van Rooy and Gerard Van der Linden, as well as the eight carrying lions. For the framing of the four polychrome\u00a0<strong>reliquary busts<\/strong>\u00a0of Dominican saints (beginning 18<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0century) pillars and pilasters of the Baroque choir stalls were reused.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bc2f72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5bc2f72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><figure id=\"attachment_32043\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32043\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32043\" src=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/SP-Syllabus-90b13-Leeuwenpoort-Noord-makelaar-300x262.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b13-Leeuwenpoort-Noord-makelaar-300x262.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b13-Leeuwenpoort-Noord-makelaar-200x175.jpg 200w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b13-Leeuwenpoort-Noord-makelaar.jpg 405w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32043\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">St. Paul&#8217;s &#8211; Lionsgate North &#8211; central post<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The\u00a0<strong>central post<\/strong>\u00a0of the Northern gate shows an image to those who pass by from the sacristy at the beginning of the Eucharist. An\u00a0<strong>angel with a finger on his mouth<\/strong>\u00a0summons to be silent, while a second one warns to lift the censor a bit higher so that it would not bump against the steps.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Above the gates the two most important scenes of the patron saint\u2019s life have been worked out in reliefs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Above the\u00a0<strong>Northern gate<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong><em>Saint Paul\u2019s conversion<\/em><\/strong>. On his way to Damascus Paul was touched by the blinding light Jesus threw to him from Heaven. Because as a Jewish persecutor he received cooperation from the Romans, Paul is represented as a Roman officer. In this way his \u2018falling to earth\u2019 got a more dramatic character in tradition by having him fall from a horse. A soldier tries to subdue the bolting horse.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24b9250 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24b9250\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><figure id=\"attachment_32055\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32055\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32055\" src=\"http:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/SP-Syllabus-90b14-Leeuwenpoort-Zuid-Marteldood-Paulus-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b14-Leeuwenpoort-Zuid-Marteldood-Paulus-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b14-Leeuwenpoort-Zuid-Marteldood-Paulus-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b14-Leeuwenpoort-Zuid-Marteldood-Paulus-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/topa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/SP-Syllabus-90b14-Leeuwenpoort-Zuid-Marteldood-Paulus.jpg 813w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32055\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">St Paul&#8217;s &#8211; Lion Gate South &#8211; The Martyrdom of St Paul.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Above the\u00a0<strong>Southern gate<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong><em>The martyrdom of Saint Paul<\/em><\/strong>. In an execution field Paul kneels down awaiting the headsman\u2019s sword that will also decapitate him. A Roman priest points at an idol (the emperor\u2019s?) in the background, in a last effort to convince Paul to bow for it. Paul does not pay attention to this and directs his eyes to Heaven. From Heaven an angel sails down to comfort the martyr by already offering him the magnificent martyr\u2019s crown. Just like in the original altar painting by Theodoor Boeyermans, the loyal Plautilla is ready to blindfold Paul at his request.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The majestic \u00a0level above all this consists of neo-Baroque framings around a canvas: in the North, half length,\u00a0<strong><em>Saint Dominic<\/em><\/strong>, in the South\u00a0<strong><em>Saint Paul<\/em><\/strong><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d2a22a elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3d2a22a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">No convent church without a choir<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a7c2c8 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3a7c2c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/hoofdaltaar\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">A proper high altar<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5c9132 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d5c9132\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/hoogkoor\/stoffering\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Further decoration of the choir: Funeral monuments, statues of saints and the former choir screen<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d45fbf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d45fbf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The scientific justification of the data concerning the choir of Saint Paul&#8217;s in Antwerp can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kunstgeschiedenis-kerken-antwerpen.be\/hestia-front\/sint-pauluskerk\/hoogkoor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a>.<br \/>\n<\/strong><em>It is basically written in Dutch, but using the translate button you can ask for an instant translation in English<\/em><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb7d11b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb7d11b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1917264\" data-id=\"1917264\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e72fc6 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6e72fc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/grondplan\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Floor plan and legend<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-44c8d16\" data-id=\"44c8d16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad9727c elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ad9727c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/sint-pauluskerk\/beschrijving\/sacramentskapel\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">The Chapel of the Holy Sacrament and of the Sweet Name of Jesus<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-83bf8e0\" data-id=\"83bf8e0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Saint Paul\u2019s, the Antwerp Dominican church, a revelation No convent church without a choir The choir stalls (Jean de Jupploye?, ca. 1632-1638) The most important piece of furniture, which was daily used by the Dominicans, are the choir stalls. They provide accommodation for no less than seventy-two religious to praise God. The \u2018choral prayer\u2019\u00a0takes place [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"parent":53483,"menu_order":20,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-57873","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/57873","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57873"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/57873\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60980,"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/57873\/revisions\/60980"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/53483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57873"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}