{"id":48651,"date":"2021-07-31T16:26:27","date_gmt":"2021-07-31T14:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/topa.be\/st-andries\/beschrijving\/sak-the-historical-context\/"},"modified":"2021-08-02T17:47:02","modified_gmt":"2021-08-02T15:47:02","slug":"historische-context","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/topa.be\/en\/st-andries\/beschrijving\/historische-context\/","title":{"rendered":"SAK The historical context"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Antwerp's St Andrew's Church, a revelation.<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

A monument throughout history...\t <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
 <\/td>\nGENERAL HISTORY<\/strong><\/td>\nDATE<\/strong><\/td>\nHISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF ST ANDREW<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R<\/p>\n

O<\/p>\n

M<\/p>\n

E<\/td>\n

birth of Jesus in Bethlehem<\/td>\n4 BCE<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Jesus crucified in Jerusalem<\/td>\n33<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
the apostles spread Jesus\u2019 message<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
martyrdom of Andrew in Patras<\/td>\n66<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Edict of Milan: religious freedom for Christians<\/td>\n313<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M<\/p>\n

I<\/p>\n

D<\/p>\n

D<\/p>\n

L<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A<\/p>\n

G<\/p>\n

E<\/p>\n

S<\/td>\n

Christianisation of the Low Countries<\/td>\n7th<\/sup> century<\/td>\nfirst Antwerp parish church, dedicated to St Peter and Paul
\n(in the vicinity of today\u2019s Sint-Michielskaai (Quay of St Michael<\/em>))<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Norman invasion<\/td>\n837<\/td>\nchurch restored and dedicated to St Michael<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1124<\/td>\nChapel of Our Lady becomes (only) parish church
\nChurch of St Michael becomes abbey church of the Norbertines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1470<\/td>\nMint building established on Oever-Muntstraat (Mint Street<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
privileges for foreign merchants: start of Antwerp\u2019s Golden Age<\/td>\n1488<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M<\/p>\n

O<\/p>\n

D<\/p>\n

E<\/p>\n

R<\/p>\n

N<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P<\/p>\n

E<\/p>\n

R<\/p>\n

I<\/p>\n

O<\/p>\n

D<\/td>\n

Christopher Columbus in America<\/td>\n1492<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\nca.1512<\/td>\nAugustinian settlement on Boeksteeg-Augustijnenstraat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1514<\/td>\nstart of construction monastery church<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Martin Luther publishes his theses in Wittenberg<\/td>\n1517<\/td>\nAntwerp Augustinians study in Wittenberg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n11\/10\/1522<\/td>\nexpulsion of Augustinians; closure of church and monastery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
01\/07\/1523<\/td>\ntwo Augustinians are burnt at the stake in Brussels<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1523<\/td>\nPope Adrian VI approves establishment of parish<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29\/05\/1529<\/td>\nestablishment of St Andrew parish<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
06\/06\/1529<\/td>\ninauguration of church, churchyard and main altar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1530<\/td>\nconsecration of eight side altars<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Council of Trent<\/td>\n1545-1563<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1555<\/td>\nconstruction of transepts (and aisles?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1557<\/td>\nPhilip II attends mass<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
establishment of Antwerp diocese<\/td>\n1559<\/td>\ncompletion of tower; bells, carillon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1559<\/td>\npulpit (by Filip Terrewin) donated by the Fugger family<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Iconoclastic Fury<\/td>\n1566<\/td>\ndestruction of church interior<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1567<\/td>\nreconsecration of church<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Antwerp under Calvinist Rule<\/td>\n1577-1585<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1578<\/td>\ndivision of church space through use of partition:
\n\u2018purified nave\u2019 for Calvinists,
\ntransept space for Catholics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Catholic services \u2018suspended\u2019<\/td>\n1581<\/td>\nexpulsion of Catholics; demolition of transept and choir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Farnese reconquers Antwerp for Spain<\/td>\n11\/09\/1585<\/td>\nchurch reconsecrated for Catholic worship<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
decapitation of Mary Stuart<\/td>\n1587<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1593<\/td>\nPhilip II donates for the new main altar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1599<\/td>\nMartyrdom of St Andrew<\/em> (by Otto van Veen)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1601<\/td>\ntriptych for the minters\u2019 altar (by Maerten de Vos)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1603<\/td>\nCalvary<\/em> Holy Cross altar (by Frans Francken the Elder)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1611, 1614<\/td>\nbaptism of Rubens\u2019 first children: Clara and Albert<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1620<\/td>\nepitaph of Mary Stuart\u2019s ladies-in-waiting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
After 1658<\/td>\nepitaph statue for Peter Saboth (\u2020 1658) (by Artus Quellinus the Elder)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1659-1661<\/td>\nvaulting of the nave<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1661-1663<\/td>\nconstruction of the transept<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1663-1664<\/td>\nconstruction of the choir; relocation of the main altar to the choir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1664-1665<\/td>\nHoly Cross altar (by Cornelis van Mildert)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1666-1683<\/td>\nconstruction of the Venerable Chapel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1667<\/td>\nHoly Guardian Angel<\/em> (by Erasmus Quellinus II)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1671-1672<\/td>\nsanctuary of the Holy Cross altar (by Jan and Jan-Anthoni Van den Cruyce)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1673-1674<\/td>\naltar of St Anne (by Jan Van den Cruyce)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1678-1683<\/td>\nconstruction of the Mary Chapel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1679 ff<\/td>\nVenerable Altar (by Lodewijk Willemsens ?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1685-1686<\/td>\nvaulting of the transept<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1687<\/td>\nLast Supper <\/em>Venerable Altar (by P. IJskens)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1689<\/td>\n*Fraternity of Our Lady of Sustention and Victory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ca. 1691<\/td>\ndesign sketches for the main altar (by Hendrik Frans Verbruggen)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1720<\/td>\nsanctuary of altar of St Anne (by Michiel Van der Voort I)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30\/05\/1755<\/td>\nTower collapsed onto the south aisle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1756-1763<\/td>\nconstruction of baroque tower (by Engelbert Baets)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1761<\/td>\nconstruction of sacristy (current sacristy annexes)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1765-1769<\/td>\nexpansion of choir and presbytery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
marriage of the princess of Salm-Salm<\/td>\n1769<\/td>\nblue cloak of statue of Our Lady of Sustention and Victory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1773-1776<\/td>\nwainscoting and confessionals in the south aisle (by Willem Roefs and Michel Ignatius D\u2019Heur)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1782-1785<\/td>\nwainscoting and confessionals in the north aisle (by Willem Roefs)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Joseph II of Austria: prohibition of burials in churches and cities<\/td>\n1784<\/td>\nburial grounds of St Andrew parish moved to Kiel;<\/p>\n

henceforth only memorials inside the church<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

abolition of the Brabant minters\u2019 guild<\/td>\n16\/11\/1786<\/td>\nabolition of minters\u2019 altar of St Eligius<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L<\/p>\n

A<\/p>\n

T<\/p>\n

A<\/p>\n

E<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M<\/p>\n

O<\/p>\n

D<\/p>\n

E<\/p>\n

R<\/p>\n

N<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P<\/p>\n

E<\/p>\n

R<\/p>\n

I<\/p>\n

O<\/p>\n

D<\/td>\n

French Revolution<\/td>\n1789<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Southern Netherlands occupied by France<\/td>\n1794<\/td>\nsale of church silver for war taxes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Southern Netherlands annexed by France<\/td>\n1795<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
anti-Catholic law in effect<\/td>\n28\/09\/1797<\/td>\nnationalisation and closure of churches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1798<\/td>\nstatue of St Peter (by Artus Quellinus the Elder) and minters\u2019 triptych (by Maerten De Vos) confiscated for the \u00c9cole Centrale<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
05\/08\/1798<\/td>\nchurch reopening through the efforts of Jan-Michiel Timmermans (priest swearing allegiance to the state)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1799<\/td>\nconfinement and escape of priest Alexander Van der Stallen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Concordat Pius VII \u2013 Napoleon Bonaparte<\/td>\n1801<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
abolition of Antwerp diocese<\/td>\n06\/08\/1802<\/td>\nchurch officially reopened and available for services<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1802<\/td>\ndonation of the relics of 36 Saints (from the Abbey of Pieter Pot)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
02\/05\/1803<\/td>\npriest Alexander Van der Stallen is reinstated<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1803<\/td>\nSt Peter\u2019s statue returned to the church<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1805-1809<\/td>\nplacement of main altar from the Abbey of St Bernard (Hemiksem)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
03\/12\/1812<\/td>\nbaptism of Hendrik Conscience [Flemish author]<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dutch Rule<\/td>\n1814<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1821-1825<\/td>\nbaroque pulpit (by Jan Frans Van Geel and Jan-Baptist Van Hool)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1828-1829<\/td>\nclassicist-baroque rood screen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Belgian independence<\/td>\n1830<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
shelling of St Andrew\u2019s quarter<\/td>\n07\/10\/1830<\/td>\ntower hit during bombardment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dutch occupation of the Zuidkasteel<\/td>\n1830-1832<\/td>\ntower used as Belgian observation post, a.o. by King Leopold I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1838<\/td>\nsilver apron of Mary statue (by Jan Verschuylen)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1845<\/td>\nrelic shrine of 36 Saints (by Jan Verschuylen)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1845-1857<\/td>\nCalvary<\/em> (by 12 painters)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1851-1852<\/td>\nconstruction of presbytery (by Pieter Paul Stoop)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1855<\/td>\nfirst neo-gothic stained glass window (by Jan-Frans Pluys)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1863<\/td>\npageantry cloak of Mary statue (by studio Remigius Orban)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1863<\/td>\nupper nave windows, with balcony<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1866<\/td>\nsacristy (J. Van Hall)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1863-1892<\/td>\nneo-gothic stained glass windows (by Capronnier, Dobbelaere, de B\u00e9thune, Stalins-Janssens, and De Craene)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
explosion of the Corvilain powder mill<\/td>\n26\/09\/1889<\/td>\nshattering of the stained glass windows of the north aisle and of the Mary Chapel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1870-1874<\/td>\nconstruction of Sunday school in Augustijnenstraat (by L. Baeckelmans)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
First World War<\/td>\n1914-1918<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1920<\/td>\nsouth transept stained glass window St Andrew <\/em>(G. Barry)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1922<\/td>\nmonument for the fallen of WW I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1929<\/td>\n400 year jubilee: electric organ, tower concert,
\nrelic shrine Boat of Amalfi<\/em> (by Jos Junes)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1938<\/td>\nchurch becomes protected monument<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Second World War<\/td>\n1940-1945<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V-bombs after liberation: explosions on Vrijdagmarkt<\/td>\n02\/01\/1945<\/td>\nshattering of the stained glass windows of the north side<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
reestablishment of Antwerp diocese<\/td>\n1961<\/td>\ndemolition of the wooden tower lantern<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/td>\n1963-1966<\/td>\nstained glass windows of north side, south aisle, presbytery (by Jan Huet)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1968-1973<\/td>\nrestoration of tower and reconstruction of tower lantern<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1970-1975<\/td>\nrestoration of interior<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1983<\/td>\ncollapse of sacristy of Mary Chapel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2001<\/td>\nMary\u2019s robe (by Ann Demeulemeester)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2001<\/td>\nreconstruction of minters\u2019 altar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2002
\n2007<\/td>\n		construction (by Jan Frateur)
\nand opening treasury<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2003
\n2004<\/td>\n		relocation of Calvary<\/em>,
\nrestoration of Purgatory<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2003-2006<\/td>\nrebuilding of basement and winter chapel as meeting-spaces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2012<\/td>\nWhat Is Truth?<\/em> (by Alain Senez)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIntroduction<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tA building history of five centuries<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t